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WHO releases indoor air quality standards for the first time
Release Time:
2017-08-28 01:48
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On the 15th, the World Health Organization released a report on indoor air quality standards at its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. This is the first time WHO has published quantitative standards for toxic substances in indoor air that affect human health, providing a basis for countries worldwide to formulate relevant regulations. The report, titled "Indoor Air Quality Guidelines," was led by the WHO Regional Office for Europe as a scientific research project involving more than 60 scientists globally. The report states that nine major chemical substances present in indoor air have significant impacts on human health. Excessive absorption of these toxic chemicals can lead to various diseases and threaten life. Improving indoor air quality can effectively reduce health risks. The report notes that in Europe, at least 400 people die annually from carbon monoxide poisoning, and 14% of lung cancer patients are caused by radon inhaled indoors. There is sufficient evidence showing a causal relationship between benzene in the air and leukemia.
Ms. Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, stated in the report, "Understanding the hazards of these pollutants is the first step. Next, governments must take necessary actions to reduce the adverse health effects of these pollutants. This report provides the scientific basis for legally establishing and enforcing standards worldwide." Karzanowski, a participant in the study, believes that the release of this standard by WHO also serves to raise awareness of indoor air pollution. Currently, public awareness of the health risks of indoor air pollution lags behind that of outdoor air pollution. In recent years, people have increasingly focused on air quality and understood the intrinsic link between air pollution and health, but knowledge and attention to the health threats posed by indoor air remain insufficient. This situation is common in high-, middle-, and low-income countries. The report calls on countries to pay attention to groups most vulnerable to indoor air pollution, such as those working indoors year-round, and staff in care centers and nursing homes. The WHO report states that indoor air pollution sources mainly come from four aspects: building and construction materials such as cement, coatings, paints, and furniture; indoor equipment like household appliances; and smoke and exhaust gases generated during heating and cooking. The main chemical pollutants in indoor air include benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, radon, trichloroethylene, and six other substances. Benzene, ranked first in the report, is a chemical widely used in building materials, especially in paint solvents, and has the greatest harmful effect on human health. The report states that benzene is carcinogenic, particularly causing a high incidence of leukemia, and even very small amounts are harmful. No safe exposure level can be recommended, meaning benzene should not exist in a safe environment. Carbon monoxide ranks second. The WHO safety standard is 7 milligrams per cubic meter of air over 24 hours. Excess carbon monoxide may lead to decreased physical ability and increased risk of ischemic heart disease. Formaldehyde ranks third. The report sets a safety standard of 0.1 milligrams per cubic meter over 30 minutes. Excessive or prolonged exposure can damage lung function and may cause nasopharyngeal cancer and leukemia. The report also provides limits and time thresholds for other chemicals and lists the specific health effects of each.
So how should we improve indoor air quality? Actually, there are some simple methods you can use. For example, open windows for ventilation at least twice a day, each time for no less than 15 minutes; use air purifiers; prohibit smoking indoors; place an appropriate number of plants; use dehumidifiers, and so on. Of course, it is also recommended that you spend more time outdoors when the weather is good.
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